David could be thought of as an upstander or active citizen because he sought help, gave help, stayed positive, and did not ever admit guilt to help his prospects.

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Ken Klonsky, Ray’s father, took action by putting Rubin Carter, the lawyer, and his son in touch with David and building a team that would continue to support David.

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Ray could be thought of as an upstander because he tried to help David by following up on old evidence, refusing to lose hope, and capturing the story in a documentary, which could help David’s case.

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Rubin “Hurricane” Carter was an upstander because he publicly supported David and called for the work to continue after he died.

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